Chapter
2
Datatypes,
Input/Output Function
|
Datatypes
| Datatype |
Size (in
bytes) |
Range |
Data |
| int |
2 |
-2^15 to
2^15-1 |
Any non
fractional value |
| char |
1 |
-2^7 to
2^7-1 |
Any single
ASCII character |
| float |
4 |
No specific
range |
Any Fractional
value |
| long |
4 |
-2^31 to
2^31-1 |
A number
which is larger than int |
| double |
8 |
-2^63 to
2^63 -1 |
Largest
capacity datatype with fraction values also. |
Format Specifiers
| Format Specifier |
Used For getting
appropriate output |
| %d |
Integer Decimal
( non fractional number ) |
| %c |
Character |
| %f |
Float |
| %l |
Long |
| %s |
String |
| %lf |
For presenting
double data |
Input / Output
Functions
Unformatted
functions
| getch() |
Waits for
user to press any key, returns the key pressed that can be assigned to
variable |
| getche() |
like getch()
but echoes character pressed to screen |
| getchar() |
Accepts
one character from user, terminates only when user presses enter. Even
if user typed more than one character return first one character only. |
| putchar() |
can pass
character type parameter, a single character that you want to appear on
screen. |
| gets() |
By passing
character array as parameter can. accept string input including spaces. |
| puts() |
By passing
character array as parameter can display the content of string |
Formatted
functions
printf(char *,var,var... )
prints the formatted output on screen
as specified in format specifier. same function can be used for displaying
all the datatype variables.
eg. printf("i=%d, f=%f",i,f);
scanf(char *,var,var...)
Accepts the formatted input from
user as specified in format specifier & in variable address given as
parameter.
eg. scanf("%d",&i);
Example on all thses topics.
main()
{
int x=20;
char ch='A';
float f = 3.14;
double d = 3400.233;
printf("\nx = %d", x);
printf("\nx = %c", ch);
printf("\nx = %f", f);
printf("\nx = %lf", d);
printf("\nPress any key to continue");
getch();
} |
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